聚合物功能膜的高性能化
聚合物功能膜广泛用于多种领域并取得了巨大的经济和社会效益,比如海水淡化、污水处理、油水分离、气体分离膜、燃料电池隔膜等。本课题组研究方向集中于高性能聚合物功能膜的制备、表征及应用,主要研究对象为水处理聚合物分离膜和燃料电池隔膜。
在水处理分离膜研究方面,我们通过加入功能性无机粒子、表面(亲水、仿生)修饰等手段对膜进行改性,可以提高膜的分离性能、亲水性、抗污染性等性能,从而获得性能优异的聚合物分离膜。例如,我们制备了具有三明治结构的二氧化硅-氧化石墨烯(SiO2-GO)粒子,然后将该SiO2-GO粒子引入到聚砜(PSf)聚合物基体中,通过相转化法制备了SiO2-GO/PSf杂化超滤膜。该SiO2-GO/PSf杂化膜在水通量、截留率、亲水性、抗污染性能等方面都具有显著优势[9]。又如,我们探索出一种界面聚合新工艺(二步界面聚合法),能成功的将MWNTs负载到聚酯的功能皮层里,制得MWNTs/聚酯复合杂化纳滤膜。该工艺操作简便,只是在传统的界面聚合法前先将基膜浸入油相溶液中。实验结果表明通过该二步界面聚合法所制备的MWNTs/聚酯复合杂化纳滤膜的渗透性和选择性都得到了显著的提高。对于其它功能粒子,该方法同样适用,为高性能杂化复合膜的制备提供了一种有效方法[10]。
随着国际能源、资源与环境之间的矛盾日益突出,燃料电池作为一种清洁、高效、安全的绿色能源展示出了广阔的市场前景,得到了广泛关注。其中,直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)以甲醇为直接燃料,具有燃料来源丰富、价格便宜、操作简便等众多优点而成为近年来的研究热点。作为燃料电池的关键组成----质子交换膜,其性能优劣显著影响燃料电池的工作性能。本课题组致力于通过物理共混无机、有机、无机-有机复合纳米粒子、化学修饰等手段改性Nafion膜,制备可用于直接甲醇燃料电池的高性能杂化质子交换膜。
比如,我们通过共混法将硅球@磺化聚苯乙烯核壳复合纳米材料(SiO2@sPS)负载到Nafion膜内,可有效提升杂化PEM的选择性。进一步地,我们将SiO2核刻蚀掉,在膜基体中原位引入了分散良好的、数百纳米大小的中空小球h-sPS,可进一步提升h-sPS+Nafion杂化PEM阻隔甲醇的能力。此外,我们还提出了“供水/储醇”机理,为制备其他高选择性Nafion基PEM提供了新的方法和解释途径[4]。
代表性论文
- Zhuang Rao, Kai Feng, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. Construction of Well Interconnected Metal-Organic Framework Structure for Effectively Promoting Proton Conductivity of Proton Exchange Membrane. J. Membr. Sci. 2017, 533, 160-170.
- Zhuang Rao, Kai Feng, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. Surface Decoration of Amino-Functionalized Metal–Organic Framework/Graphene Oxide Composite onto Polydopamine-Coated Membrane Substrate for Highly Efficient Heavy Metal Removal. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 2594-2605.
- Wei Jia, Beibei Tang, and Peiyi Wu*. Novel Composite Proton Exchange Membrane with Connected Long-Range Ionic Nanochannels Constructed Via Exfoliated Nafion-Boron Nitride Nanocomposite. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 14791-14800.
- Kai Feng, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. A "H2O Donating/Methanol Accepting" Platform for Preparation of Highly Selective Nafion-Based Proton Exchange Membranes. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 18546-18556.
- Kai Feng, Lei Liu, Beibei Tang*, Nanwen Li, and Peiyi Wu*. Nafion-Initiated ATRP of 1-Vinylimidazole for Preparation of Proton Exchange Membranes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 11516-11525.
- Kai Feng, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. Sulfonated Graphene Oxide-Silica for Highly Selective Nafion-Based Proton Exchange Membranes. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 16083-16092.
- Kai Feng, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. Ammonia-Assisted Dehydrofluorination between PVDF and Nafion for Highly Selective and Low-Cost Proton Exchange Membranes: A Possible Way to Further Strengthen the Commercialization of Nafion. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 12609-12615.
- Lijia Yang, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. Metal-Organic Framework-Graphene Oxide Composites: A Facile Method to Highly Improve the Proton Conductivity of PEMs Operated under Low Humidity. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 15838-15842.
- Huiqing Wu, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. Development of Novel SiO2-GO Nanohybrid/Polysulfone Membrane with Enhanced Performance. J. Membr. Sci. 2014, 451, 94-102.
- Huiqing Wu, Beibei Tang*, and Peiyi Wu*. MWNTs/Polyester Thin Film Nanocomposite Membrane: An Approach to Overcome the Trade-Off Effect between Permeability and Selectivity. J. Phys. Chem. C 2010, 114, 16395-16400.